Antique Victorian late 19th century Bohemian crystal hand reverse painted jar this stunning jar Continental origin ( possibly Czech Republic?) may have originally had a lid hand blown stunning display piece some age related wear ( very small hardly noticeable chip to the very bottom reflected in the price see pictures) amazing display piece
13 cm tall 7 cm round at base
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Bohemian glass history dates back to the medieval period, with the term "Bohemian crystal" emerging in the 16th century for its clear, potash-based glass. A major boost came in the 17th century when Emperor Rudolf II brought artisans like Caspar Lehmann, who adapted gem-cutting techniques to glass engraving. During the 18th and 19th centuries, Bohemian glass gained renown for its cut, cased, and enamelled designs. Innovations like Friedrich Egermann's flash casing and Loetz's iridescent Art Nouveau glass further solidified Bohemia's reputation for quality and original styles, leading to its status as a global symbol of high-quality artistic glass.
Early History & the 16th-Century Rise
Medieval Roots: Glassmaking existed in the Czech Republic since the second millennium B.C., with the first documented glassworks dating to the 13th century.
16th-Century Innovation: Bohemian glassmakers discovered that combining potash with chalk produced a clear, stable glass, distinct from Italian glass. This led to the coining of the term "Bohemian crystal".
Artistic & Technological Advancement: Emperor Rudolf II's move to Prague in the late 16th and early 17th centuries spurred innovation. He brought artists and scientists, including Caspar Lehmann, who pioneered glass engraving using gem-cutting wheels.
Baroque, Rococo, and the 18th & 19th Centuries
Baroque Dominance: The techniques introduced by Lehmann helped establish the Czech lands as a dominant producer of decorative glassware during the High Baroque period.
Lead Crystal Era: By the early 19th century, Bohemian glassmakers learned to produce lead crystal, competing with English and French products. They combined techniques like English diamond cutting with their own complicated engravings to create a unique style.
Mass Production and Exports: Bohemian factories produced large quantities of coloured glass with enamelled designs and lithographic prints, exporting widely to markets like America.
20th Century and Beyond
Art Nouveau Excellence: In the early 20th century, Bohemian factories, such as Loetz, became leading producers of iridescent glass, achieving recognition alongside Tiffany's creations.
Bohemia Crystal Trademark: The term "Bohemia Crystal" remains a protected trademark, signifying quality and ensuring all parts of a chandelier bearing the label are produced in the Czech Republic.
Enduring Craftsmanship: The tradition continues today with studio glass artists creating unique pieces and specialized schools passing down skills in cutting, engraving, and decorating.